Linocut Printmaking – A Brief Overview

Linocut Printmaking, or linoprint, is a traditional printmaking technique that involves carving a design into a linoleum block using cutting tools. Once the design has been carved, a thin layer of ink is rolled onto the linoleum surface. To describe the process in simple terms, the portions carved away do not receive ink, while the remaining untouched surface holds the ink and transfers the positive image. Paper or fabric is pressed onto the inked surface, transferring the printed design.

Similar to woodcuts, linocut is a form of relief printmaking.

Linocut artwork is known for bold lines and striking contrasts. Styles can range from finely detailed designs to bolder, minimalist compositions. Linocut prints exhibit textures, imperfections, and marks that speak to the handmade nature of the art form and hand-printing process.

The Process of Linocut Printmaking

1. Preparation:

• An artist creates a design, scene, or image which is then transferred onto the linoleum block

2. Carving:

• Using sharp cutting tools of various widths and cutting shapes, the artist carves away the negative space of the design, leaving the raised areas to hold the ink.
• The carving process requires precision and an understanding of positive and negative space.

3. Inking:

• Relief printmaking Ink is applied to the raised areas of the linoleum using a roller (brayer).
• Oil-based, Oil-based Water Soluble, or water-based inks are commonly used, with each offering unique properties, pigments, and drying times.

4. Printing:

• The inked linoleum block is pressed onto paper or fabric. This can be done by hand with a baren or spoon, or with a hand press, printing press, or cold press laminator for even pressure.
• Multiple copies, known as editions, can be made from a single linoleum block.

Artistic Characteristics

• Bold Lines and High Contrast: Linocuts are known for their clean lines and striking contrasts between light and dark areas.
• Texture and Imperfection: The carved surface often leaves a distinctive, handmade texture and chatter that adds to the artwork’s charm and authenticity.
• Versatility: Artists can create intricate, delicate designs or bold, minimalist compositions.
• Printing on handmade papers compliments that hand printing process and elevates the linoprint’s visual appeal

History

• Linocut printmaking originated in the early 20th century as an evolution of woodcut printmaking. Artists like Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse helped popularize the technique in modern art.
• It gained traction for its accessibility—linoleum is cheaper and softer to carve than wood, making it a popular choice for artists, schools, and DIY creators.

Contemporary Use

• Linocut printmaking remains popular in fine art, crafts, tshirt printing, and commercial illustration such as book covers and posters.
• Artists continue to experiment with the medium, creating multi-colored prints using reduction techniques or multiple blocks, as well as printing on fabric.

Basic Materials and Tools

• Linoleum Blocks: Traditional battleship grey linoleum or softer ‘easy-cut’ variations.
• Carving Tools: Gouges and knives in various sizes and tip shapes for detail and broad cuts.
• Brayers: Used to apply ink evenly.
• Relief Inks: Available in Oil-Based, Water-based, or Oil-Based Water Soluble formulas
• Printing Surfaces: Hand made and commercially manufactured acid-free papers of varying thicknesses and natural materials such as cotton, mulberry, and hemp
• Press or Baren: For transferring the image onto the surface.

Want to learn linocut printmaking? Start by reading my blog or watch some videos to getter a better idea of the process, tools, and materials.